Although transformers are highly reliable electrical devices, they can still fail, for example, due to current overload in a current transformer (CT) or a breakdown in a potential transformer (PT). Below are some common transformer faults and their maintenance methods:

1. Current overload in CT
Current overload in a CT usually occurs due to excessive load or a short circuit. At this time, it is necessary to check whether the load exceeds the transformer’s rated value and promptly resolve the short circuit issue.

2. PT breakdown
Breakdowns in PTs are generally caused by insulation damage or contamination. In this case, cleaning or replacing the insulation material is required.

3. Loose or poor contact of transformer line connector
Loose or poor contact of the transformer’s line connector will block signal transmission or cause errors. Therefore, it is necessary to check the reliability of the connector and clean the contact surface.

4. Core saturation of transformer
Transformer core saturation leads to increased measurement errors. It is therefore necessary to regularly check for core saturation and take corrective measures, such as adjusting the magnetic flux.

Regular Maintenance Measures

To ensure normal operation of the transformer, regular maintenance is required. Common practices include:

1. Regularly check whether the transformer’s network connector is loose or has poor contact, and clean the contact surface in time.

2. Regularly check the condition of transformer insulation; clean or replace insulation materials as needed.

3. Regularly check the degree of core saturation and take corrective measures.

4. Regularly verify the rated value and accuracy of the transformer, and perform calibration and adjustment.

5. Maintain records of protection and maintenance, and promptly address faults or abnormal situations.

In conclusion, the transformer is one of the most important pieces of electrical equipment in the power system. Its normal operation is crucial for the safe and stable functioning of the power grid. Therefore, when using and maintaining transformers, it is essential to fully understand their basic principles and applications, promptly eliminate faults, and perform regular maintenance and repair to ensure reliable operation.